2025 CONFERENCE SCHEDULE

USING MINDFULNESS AND ACT-BASED TRAINING TO OFFER NEUROLOGY AND TRAUMA-INFORMED CARE FOR YOUNG ADULTS WITH ASD

Dr. Bob Babcock & Jeremy Noles, LCSW

This presentation will discuss the implications of some findings in the neurobiology of ASD supporting the importance of trauma-informed perspectives on behavior-change efforts for persons with ASD. The impact of hot cognition, limited self-monitoring skills, and limited social intuition in ASD will be discussed using mindfulness-based procedures such as focus meditation, loving-kindness meditation, soles of the feet, surfing the urge, and self-management skill training to address specific challenges in treatment. In addition, the challenges to effective interactions posed by naturally occurring daily contingencies faced by staff and parents will be discussed along with some practical methods the presenters have found helpful in supporting better quality interactions with clients..

BRIDGING THE GAP: UNDERSTANDING AND SUPPORTING CO-OCCURRING PSYCHIATRIC CONDITIONS IN LEVEL 1 AUTISM

Lauren Koffler, MSW & Andrew Dillenbeck, LCSW-R, MBA

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) frequently co-occurs with other developmental, psychiatric, and medical conditions, presenting unique challenges for individuals, families, and healthcare providers. This presentation will provide insight into the multifaceted relationship between autism, level one, and co-occurring psychiatric conditions. This presentation will also detail creating a program specifically to support this population. It will provide attendees with insight and strategies for better understanding and supporting these individuals and their families. The literature to date has identified that a significant number of autistic individuals are dually diagnosed with co-occurring psychiatric conditions. Some of the most frequently observed co-occurring psychiatric conditions in Level 1 Autism include attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety disorders, particularly social anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). These dual diagnoses have been shown to significantly impact the quality of life and functioning of those diagnosed, often inciting behaviors such as social isolation, non-suicidal self-harm, and suicidality. Identifying and treating individuals with autism, level one, who are dually diagnosed with co-occurring psychiatric conditions can be challenging due to the overlapping symptomology between autism and other conditions. For example, the literature has highlighted the diagnostic overshadowing for this unique population, particularly in females. Furthermore, there remains limited research on evidence-based interventions that are effective for individuals with autism and co-occurring psychiatric conditions, as well as a shortage of programs equipped to support this specialized population.

AUTISM AND ADHD: EXPLORING TRAITS OF COGNITIVE DISENGAGEMENT

Dr. Mary Crowson

Some individuals with Autism or ADHD may present with traits that have been identified in some emerging research as Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS), previously called sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT). Although it is not a diagnosis in the DSM-5-TR, cognitive disengagement traits are gaining attention as a significant yet under-researched pattern of behaviors seen from early childhood through adulthood in some autistic or ADHD individuals. CDS traits include two key features: 1) cognitive disengagement, marked by daydreaming and a sense of mental fog, and 2) motor hypoactivity, which involves sluggish or slowed physical behavior. While CDS was initially thought to be a subtype of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD-PI) Inattentive Type, new research suggests it represents a separate but related cluster of symptoms and is often present in the profile of autistic individuals with and without ADHD. Recent research indicates that approximately 1/3 of autistic adolescents and adults have clinically significant CDS traits. While not typically associated with areas of strength, some individuals with CDS traits report increased creativity, deep thinking, and the ability to daydream productively as important areas for understanding. In terms of challenges, research suggests that higher rates of CDS symptoms are increasingly linked to more difficulties with real-world executive functions, social withdrawal, communication, adaptive behavior, restrictive/repetitive behavior, sensory differences, and depression, including higher risk for suicidal behavior. Thus, CDS symptom assessment, understanding, and treatment are essential in helping autistic individuals live their healthiest lives. Research on the assessment of CDS is in its infancy. While neuropsychological testing can help illuminate particular cognitive strengths and weaknesses, more instruments are needed to understand the functional impact of CDS traits in everyday life. Several well-established rating scales currently have a subscale for assessing “SCT” or “CDS” traits. These instruments will be described, and suggestions for best practices for evaluating and identifying CDS traits in autistic individuals. Understanding CDS traits are important to developing effective treatment and intervention strategies that are targeted and individualized. For example, some emerging data indicates that stimulants may be a poor choice for individuals with higher levels of CDS traits for targeting inattention. Psychoeducation, therapy, and parent training approaches will be described alongside school-based interventions and academic skills training.

THE MIND’S EYE: THEORY OF MIND IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

Betina Workman, MA CCC SLP

Theory of mind (ToM) recognizes that others possess distinct mental states, including thoughts, beliefs, intentions, and emotions. This ability enables individuals to infer and predict the behavior of others and to empathize with their perspectives. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit deficits in ToM, which can significantly impact their social interactions and communication skills. These deficits may manifest in difficulties in understanding and responding to social cues, interpreting nonverbal communication, and recognizing and responding to the emotions of others. Deficits in these skills inhibit personal relationships, academic pursuits, employment opportunities, and quality of life as they grow into adulthood. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are trained in building cognitive-linguistic skills essential for ToM development and employ unique therapeutic approaches. SLPs can help individuals with ASD develop neurological pathways to strengthen ToM skills through targeted interventions.

SHAKY STARTS LEAD TO CRUMBLING FUTURES: GET YOUR BASE RIGHT

Neil Wallace, MBA/HSA, George Ballew, LCSW, & Dr. Jamis Leeper, DNP, APRN, PMHNP-BC

This presentation will highlight data emphasizing the importance of intentionality and neurological understanding when building programs and interventions for individuals with autism. Leaning on years of data from the front lines of treatment and backed by current research in autism, the way one approaches and structures care in autism treatment matters immensely. Attendees will leave this presentation with a clearer understanding of how to structure and implement care that will ACTUALLY make a difference in the outcome.

IMPULSIVITY, ENTITLEMENT, AND DEMAND AVOIDANCE IN AUTISM: IMPLICATIONS FOR DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

Ryan Bachrach, LCSW & Dr. Carlyn Daubs

Symptoms of impulsivity, entitlement, and demand avoidance can create a complex behavioral profile that can emerge within autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other mental health conditions. These symptoms are sometimes colloquially called Pathological Demand Avoidance (PDA). These symptoms are characterized by an extreme avoidance of everyday demands and expectations, often accompanied by intense anxiety, manipulative behaviors, and a need to control situations. This presentation will explore how these symptoms present within Autistic individuals, as well as those with other diagnoses, such as behavior, mood, and anxiety disorders, where similar avoidance behaviors may occur. This session will examine behavioral and emotional markers that aid in differentiating this set of symptoms and explore potential origins. By enhancing diagnostic clarity, clinicians can provide more targeted treatments, such as anxiety management and skill-building, for individuals with this set of symptoms and diagnoses, such as autism, instead of traditional behavioral strategies often used for oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). This nuanced approach aims to improve therapeutic outcomes by aligning interventions with the underlying needs of each individual.

THE ART OF INTERSECTIONALITY: WHERE GENDER, AUTISM, AND IDENTITY MEET

Dr. Rick Pollard & Dr. Lisa Cheyette

The intersection of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and gender identity is a multifaceted area of study, revealing a notable overlap between autism and gender diversity. This overlap has captured the interest of researchers, clinicians, and advocates as it highlights the unique experiences faced by individuals who navigate both autism and diverse gender identities. When autism and gender diversity intersect, the challenges of societal stigma and discrimination are often compounded, potentially leading to increased vulnerability and barriers to accessing appropriate support and care (Corbett et al., 2023; Hadland et al., 2023). One notable finding emerging from research is the increased prevalence of gender diversity among autistic individuals. In one of the largest pediatric cohort studies conducted to date, youth with ASD were found to be three times more likely to identify as TGD (transgender and gender diverse) compared to their neurotypical peers (Hadland et al., 2023). Emerging evidence suggests that there may be an association between ASD and gender dysphoria, though the underlying mechanisms and determinants of this co-occurrence remain unclear (Khorashad et al., 2024). Some researchers hypothesize that traits associated with autism, such as a strong sense of self-awareness or reduced adherence to societal norms, might play a role in allowing autistic individuals to express non-conforming gender identities more freely. Other theories propose that difficulties in social communication and sensory processing, which are common in autism, may influence how individuals perceive and understand their gender identity. However, it is crucial to recognize that not all individuals who identify as TGD experience gender dysphoria, and the relationship between autism and gender identity is highly individualized and complex. Affirming health care plays a critical role in supporting the well-being of individuals at the intersection of ASD and gender diversity. Affirming care involves providing inclusive, respectful, and client-centered services that validate an individual’s gender identity while accounting for their unique neurodiverse needs. For autistic individuals who are transgender or gender diverse, access to affirming mental health services, gender-affirming medical care, and safe spaces can significantly improve mental health outcomes, reduce distress, and foster a greater sense of identity affirmation. By bridging gaps in care and addressing systemic barriers, affirming health care can create a more inclusive and supportive environment for this often-overlooked population (WPATH, 2022).

BRINGING NEURODIVERSITY TO THE TABLE: TREATMENT CONSIDERATIONS FOR ARFID AND AUTISM

Rebecca Berman LCSW, MLSP, CEDS-C

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) is increasingly recognized as prevalent among neurodiverse individuals, particularly those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This elevated risk is primarily driven by sensory processing differences, with over 50% of autistic children exhibiting food selectivity related to texture, taste, or smell (Sharp et al., 2018). Furthermore, up to 25% of children diagnosed with ARFID also have a co-occurring diagnosis of ASD (Norris et al., 2020), underscoring the strong association between the two conditions. Lack of interest and sensory sensitivity are the two most common subtypes of ARFID seen in ASD individuals. Interventions must account for the sensory sensitivities and anxiety that often underlie ARFID in neurodiverse populations. Along with sensory sensitivity, cognitive rigidity and preference for sameness, interoceptive sensitivity, and difficulty with change contribute to the significant overlap between ASD and ARFID. Cognitive rigidity can contribute to restricted food variety and food preferences. Individuals with ASD often rely on predictable routines and familiar foods. Introducing new foods or altering mealtime routines can trigger anxiety or make it challenging for individuals with ASD to diversify their diets (Zickgraf et al. 2020 and F.E.A.S.T. 2023). Interoceptive sensitivity can impact how individuals perceive hunger and fullness. A lack of awareness of these cues and difficulty with task switching can contribute to the lack of interest subtype of ARFID. This presentation will provide participants with a comprehensive understanding of the intersection between ARFID and ASD. The restrictive eating patterns in ASD are typically consistent from early childhood and highlight the importance of early intervention in ARFID cases linked to ASD. This session will conclude by offering practical strategies for clinicians working with ARFID in neurodiverse populations, emphasizing the need for individualized care plans that respect sensory preferences, routines, and the unique emotional needs of each client.

BUT I CAN ONLY DO ONE THING AT A TIME: PRACTICING PSYCHOLOGICAL FLEXIBILITY IN RIGID SPACES

Dr. Darrell Fraize, LCPC & Caitlin Forcier, LMSW-CC

Deficits in executive functions, including cognitive flexibility, contribute to challenges with task shifting, social interactions, and emotional regulation (Gokcen et al., 2014). Insistence on sameness (IS) is a rigid yet complex system of restrictive, ritualized, and repetitive behaviors that serve a developmental purpose but typically wane over a person’s life span (Uljarevic et al., 2017). Inflexible thinking contributes to the phenomenon of “getting stuck,” a frequent challenge brought on by an extreme response to stressors for people living with autism (Uljarevic et al., 2017). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is an evidence-based practice with promising results for people with autism that trains clients in psychological flexibility (Pahnke et al., 2023). Two ACT practitioners will present approaches to helping people develop increased cognitive and psychological flexibility through case studies and collaborative learning.

CATFISHED: TEMPTATIONS AND DANGERS OF ELECTRONICS AND SCREEN USE AMONG NEURODIVERSE TEENS

Dr. Neal Christensen

As digital natives, IRL (in real life) social stress and alienation draw neurodiverse teens to the digital world, where they can find others with whom they can more easily connect. Online platforms and virtual relationships are tempting to meet their growing social needs, though these teens are vulnerable to exploitation. Many neurodiverse teens have impairments in social communication and interactions and experience repeated failures in social situations. Due to these IRL failures and loneliness experienced, mental health issues among neurodiverse people are rampant. Neurodiverse teens, like neurotypical teens, are trying to meet their age-appropriate development but struggle to meet the IRL social demands effectively, so they turn to online platforms often to cope with loneliness and esteem needs. This presentation explores the growing concern of neurodiverse teens being exploited through their use of electronics and screens. It addresses how these devices, while offering educational and social benefits, can also become tools of manipulation, addiction, and exploitation, especially for vulnerable youth.

OCD AND AUTISM: A FUN(CTIONAL) APPROACH TO TREATMENT

Zachary Schafer, MS, OTR/L & Dr. Alison LaFollette

The prevalence of OCD in autism and the complexity of providing effective treatment for these co-occurring disorders has long been a topic of interest for practitioners, researchers, and, most importantly, individuals and family members within the autistic community. Despite the best efforts of those in the field, many autistic individuals have difficulty finding effective treatment that can adequately address their OCD within the unique context of their autistic needs. The purpose of this presentation is to equip professionals to help autistic individuals with comorbid OCD to thrive in their everyday lives. The presentation will review the most recent data on the prevalence of these co-occurring disorders, review best practices for differential diagnoses, discuss how to adapt and apply evidence-based treatment protocols, and review the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to treatment that is holistic and “function focused.”

UTILIZING BRAINSPOTTING AND ACCELERATED RESOLUTION THERAPY IN WORKING WITH NEURODIVERGENT INDIVIDUALS WITH TRAUMA

Dr. Ingrid Boveda & Addy Ho, LPC

The rates of traumatic experiences in neurodivergent individuals, particularly individuals on the autism spectrum, are much higher than in the general population, drawing attention to the need to utilize evidence-based trauma modalities with this population competently. Individuals with neurodivergent traits may face challenges in effectively communicating their thoughts and emotions in a way that resonates with neurotypical individuals. This can sometimes result in a tendency toward fixed or inflexible thinking patterns and make it more challenging for the individual to process their trauma effectively. Trauma-specific therapeutic modalities, such as Brainspotting and Accelerated Resolution Therapy (ART), offer an alternative approach by allowing individuals to process traumatic experiences without the need for verbal expression. Since trauma is often pre-verbal, it is not necessary for individuals to articulate their experiences to process them effectively. At the onset of therapy, clients may briefly share a summary of the traumatic event to activate the memory. From there, the brain’s middle processing systems take over, enabling the individual to holistically re-integrate their mind, body, and emotions. This process helps resolve the trauma, allowing the brain to move past the event and break free from repetitive, distressing loops. Additionally, trauma processing through these modalities incorporates built-in emotion regulation techniques, such as bilateral stimulation and parasympathetic exercises, which help regulate the nervous system and prevent clients from reliving the trauma during the session.

PLAYING OUTSIDE THE LINES: BUILDING CLIENT-DIRECTED OUTCOMES WHEN CLIENTS HAVE ALWAYS DEFINED SUCCESS ANYWAY

Amee Hardy, LCPC & Greg Burnham, LMFT

In this presentation, we will review what neurodiversity means, including the spectrum of neurological differences for diagnoses of autism, ADHD, dyslexia, and other conditions. We emphasize the importance of seeing neurodiversity as a strength, not a limitation, and embrace that all minds work differently and that diversity in thought and experience enriches society. We will look at redefining success beyond traditional norms, such as grades, traditional careers, and social conformity. We present a client-personalized view of success as outlined in evidence-based practices. This includes a view of success as client self-discovery, self-acceptance, and fulfillment that does not include comparison to others. This view of success may include clients finding joy in their unique path, whether in school, work, relationships, or creative expression, and assists clients in identifying their values. We will review practices that include the importance of client self-discovery as a foundational tool for growth. We will outline supportive parent coaching strategies that help parents create a nurturing, understanding, and empowering environment. These coaching strategies help parents communicate with their children in ways that honor their needs while encouraging growth. We identify strategies that help parents increase flexibility and patience so that their neurodiverse children feel safe and supported in exploring their potential. These client and parent approaches help foster emotional and social well-being, help increase coping strategies and resilience, and encourage persistence.

AUTISM AND MASKING – THE PROS AND CONS OF TRYING TO SUCCESSFULLY BLEND INTO A NEUROTYPICAL SOCIETY

Jared Stewart, M.Ed., BCBA, LBA

Living as a neuro-minority in a very neurotypical world means that those of us on the Autism Spectrum don’t naturally fit in. The world is not built for us, and neurotypicals tend to see Autistics as weird. As a result, we all learn to camouflage our differences to various degrees. This is called “Masking,” and how it’s usually done tends to be very exhausting and even traumatizing. But it doesn’t have to be—and a little intentional Masking might even be beneficial. But how to best empower Autistics to navigate socially while avoiding the trap of creating forced neurotypical “clones” based on flawed concepts of “normal”? Join Autistic BCBA and ScenicView Program Director Jared Stewart to dive into the complicated and often-misunderstood phenomenon of Masking, including the research around it, the lived experiences of hundreds of neurodivergent individuals he has worked with over 20+ years of professional intervention, and his insights on what it means to be your “authentic self” when faced with the immense pressure for social indistinguishability.

THE EVOLUTION OF NEURODIVERGENT CARE: IMPLEMENTING NEURODIVERGENT INFORMED PRACTICES WITH NEURODIVERSITY AFFIRMING CARE

Jason Grygla, MA, CMHC, CAGS, Rachel Postma, OTD, OTR/L & Dr. Tony Meiners

The rapidly evolving field of neurodiversity is being shaped by advancements in both social understanding and neuroscience. As the effectiveness of neurodiversity-affirming practices becomes increasingly evident, the necessity of integrating evidence-based, neurodivergent-informed care is evident. While clinical diagnoses and scientific research can offer essential support, they can inadvertently perpetuate stigma. Conversely, affirmation alone cannot adequately address the practical challenges neurodivergent individuals face. A synergistic approach combining neurodivergent-informed practices with neurodiversity-affirming perspectives is essential for fostering self-acceptance and functional development. Join a PsyD practicing in mental health, an occupational therapist working on executive functioning, and a neurodivergent transition program owner as they share their collaboration to benefit clients with neurodivergence.

AUTISM AND SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER: UNDERSTANDING AND TREATING THE UNIQUE NEEDS OF NEURODIVERSE SUBSTANCE USERS

Tony Mosier, LMFT

This presentation explores the prevalence and unique challenges of co-occurring autism and substance use disorders (SUDs), noting that while SUDs are less common in individuals with autism than the general population, those with higher-functioning autism or additional conditions like ADHD are at greater risk, with 20-30% of neurodiverse individuals experiencing substance use challenges. Contributing risk factors include social isolation, difficulties with self-regulation, and co-occurring mental health conditions like anxiety and depression, while sensory-seeking behaviors and the need to “mask” autism traits may also drive substance use. Barriers to treatment include misdiagnosis, stigma, and a lack of tailored interventions. The presentation offers recommendations for individualized care, including integrated treatment approaches, adapted behavioral therapies, sensory-friendly environments, social skills training, family involvement, and trauma-informed care. Emphasizing the importance of customized care strategies, it calls for greater awareness, targeted research, and enhanced support for neurodiverse youth facing substance use challenges.

PREDICTION AND THE ALLOSTASIS MODEL OF AUTISM

Dr. Brandon Park

The insular lobe has been long noted as atypical in autism. This lesser-known lobe is responsible for awareness, tracking, and perceiving the internal and external world. These factors affect prediction and the balancing and management of resources. Allostasis is a term used to discuss the predictive form of homeostasis. Research across numerous disciplines indicates a robust understanding of the need for predictive modeling. Prediction in the form of allostasis modeling suggests that predictively managing and balancing resources is a step forward in autism research and treatment.

EXPLORING ETHICS OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

Jana Eilermann, NCC, LCMHC & Dr. Carlyn Daubs

When symptoms of several disorders overlap, how important is it to identify the “correct” diagnosis. What are the costs and benefits of different diagnoses? What is the best thing to do when the diagnostic criteria overlap is so strong that one cannot be diagnosed without ruling out the other however one diagnosis comes with assistance to families, school support, resources while the other does not despite client needs being the same. This presentation will examine and debate the ethics of diagnosis in a world that treats diagnoses differently. Come prepared to engage in a spirited conversations, share your thoughts and perspectives and hear those from others.

NEURODIVERSITY & RECOVERY: HOW TO NAVIGATE THE CHALLENGES OF NEURODIVERSITY AND ADDICTION AND FIND RECOVERY

Patrick Devlin, LCSW, CADC-II, Scott Rowles, MAT, CBC, P/ET, & Blaire Morriss, PMHNP-BC, ANP-BC

Young Adults with an ASD diagnosis and co-occurring addiction have a unique set of challenges before them. Once they are in the recovery process, there is a unique challenge for these individuals who, on average, lack executive functioning skills. Given that one of the necessities for promoting recovery is a community, and we frequently discuss that the opposite of addiction is a community, there are inherent challenges in pursuing, organizing, executing, and achieving community for an individual with low executive functioning skills. Therefore, the promotion and education of explicit executive functioning skills to this population and integrated executive functioning coaching and support are crucial to supporting clients with autism in recovery. To achieve community, a young adult needs to create structure, pursue relationships, task-initiate, and endure hardship and discomfort that allow them to stay on track toward long-term objectives and success. In addition, emotional management and remaining flexible are both key executive functioning skills and typical areas of deficit for individuals with an ASD diagnosis. These must be managed with skills and support for this population to stay on track of recovery successfully. Given that recovery is based upon creating the future that one wants, executive functioning skills are tiny bricks of forward-thinking, future-minded decisions that slowly build the foundation of a successful life lived in recovery. This presentation will explore the specific challenges of neurodivergence in the field of substance use disorders to find and maintain a life of lasting recovery. This will be achieved through clinical case studies, research, and anecdotal wisdom from the presenters through working with individuals and families in treatment settings for many years.

NAVIGATING THE INTERSECTIONS: CHALLENGES IN DIAGNOSING AND TREATING COMORBID MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS IN AUTISM

Dr. Allie Kolaski & Dr. Ingrid Boveda

Individuals on the autism spectrum (ASD) who also experience comorbid mental health conditions face unique and significant challenges that impact both diagnosis and treatment. Overlapping symptoms between autism and mental health disorders like anxiety, depression, or ADHD often lead to diagnostic delays or misdiagnoses. Additionally, atypical presentations of mental health conditions—such as anxiety manifesting through aggression or increased repetitive behaviors—complicate the clinical picture. Communication barriers and masking behaviors further hinder the recognition of mental health needs, leaving many individuals underserved and misunderstood. On the treatment front, traditional therapies and psychiatric interventions often fall short of meeting the complex needs of this population. Structured, concrete, and individualized approaches are critical to engaging individuals with autism in therapy, as are specialized adaptations of evidence-based practices like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Medication management also poses challenges, given the atypical responses to psychiatric medications in those with autism. Systemic issues, such as fragmented care, provider inexperience, and limited resources, exacerbate these difficulties, leaving families to navigate a complex and often isolating system. This presentation will explore these challenges in-depth and offer practical strategies for clinicians to improve care through tailored interventions, integrated treatment models, and enhanced professional training. It will also discuss the need for assessment that can provide expert differential diagnosis. Attendees will be equipped with actionable insights to better address the needs of individuals with autism and comorbid mental health conditions, fostering more effective and compassionate care.